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Archival materials --- Archival materials

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Archives have become a nexus in the wake of the digital turn. Electronic files, search engines, video sites, and media player libraries make the concepts of "archival" and "retrieval" practically synonymous with the experience of interconnected computing. Archives today are the center of much attention but few agendas. Can archives inform the redistribution of power and resources when the concept of the public library as an institution makes knowledge and culture accessible to all members of society regardless of social or economic status? This book sets out to show that archives need our active support and continuing engagement. This volume offers three distinct perspectives on the present status of archives that are at once in disagreement and solidarity with each other, from contributors whose backgrounds cut across the theory-practice divide. Is the increasing digital storage of knowledge pushing us toward a turning point in its democratization? Can archives fulfill their paradoxical potential as utopian sites in which the analog and the digital, the past and future, and remembrance and forgetting commingle? Is there a downside to the present-day impulse toward total preservation?

Archival materials. --- Digital libraries.

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Archives have become a nexus in the wake of the digital turn. Electronic files, search engines, video sites, and media player libraries make the concepts of "archival" and "retrieval" practically synonymous with the experience of interconnected computing. Archives today are the center of much attention but few agendas. Can archives inform the redistribution of power and resources when the concept of the public library as an institution makes knowledge and culture accessible to all members of society regardless of social or economic status? This book sets out to show that archives need our active support and continuing engagement. This volume offers three distinct perspectives on the present status of archives that are at once in disagreement and solidarity with each other, from contributors whose backgrounds cut across the theory-practice divide. Is the increasing digital storage of knowledge pushing us toward a turning point in its democratization? Can archives fulfill their paradoxical potential as utopian sites in which the analog and the digital, the past and future, and remembrance and forgetting commingle? Is there a downside to the present-day impulse toward total preservation?

Archival materials. --- Digital libraries.

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Le XXXIXe congrès de la Société des historiens médiévistes de l'Enseignement supérieur public s'est tenu, en avril-mai 2008, dans une capitale orientale, Le Caire, pour faire dialoguer ensemble orientalistes et « occidentalistes » et rappeler que la richesse culturelle de l'Orient et de l'Occident au Moyen Âge vient non seulement des héritages communs, mais aussi du dialogue et des échanges qui n'ont cessé durant le millénaire médiéval. Ce volume, intitulé L'autorité de l'écrit au Moyen Age, traite tout à la fois de la production de l'écrit, de l'autorité du document et de la constitution d'archives dans l'Occident médiéval comme dans les mondes byzantin et musulman. Il envisage en premier lieu la place de l'écrit dans les sociétés où la parole et le geste sont essentiels, considérant les groupes qui ont pour métier d'écrire (rédacteurs, clercs de chancellerie, cadis ...), étudiant leurs pratiques et la diffusion des techniques d'écritures mises en œuvre. L'usage de l'écrit conduit à la question de l'autorité du document produit et de son efficacité : l'écrit et les gestes enregistrés, les signes de validation, la qualité des personnes qui le présentent et celle des témoins qui le souscrivent, les choix linguistiques multiples adoptés par les rédacteurs, les situations dans lesquelles le document a été utilisé, même pour le falsifier. Dans le monde musulman par exemple, où la fiabilité de témoins intègres est supérieure à celle d'un document écrit, potentiellement falsifiable, on comprend que le statut du document écrit, son aptitude à faire preuve, soit moindre qu'en Occident où c'est une de ses premières fonctions. La constitution et la conservation d'archives sont au cœur des enjeux de pouvoir : à qui est confiée la garde des documents et dans quels lieux ? Ici aussi Occident et Orient se distinguent par leurs pratiques : les rois de France pensaient que la constitution des registres d'actes royaux manifestait leur pouvoir alors que les souverains musulmans ne voyaient pas dans la conservation systématique de leurs archives, pourtant élaborées de façon sophistiquée, un signe éminent de souveraineté. Ont enfin été abordées les questions des conservations aléatoires, des abandons, des destructions, des copies, des traductions et des faux, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles pistes de recherche.

Archival materials. --- Authority --- History.

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Archives have become a nexus in the wake of the digital turn. Electronic files, search engines, video sites, and media player libraries make the concepts of "archival" and "retrieval" practically synonymous with the experience of interconnected computing. Archives today are the center of much attention but few agendas. Can archives inform the redistribution of power and resources when the concept of the public library as an institution makes knowledge and culture accessible to all members of society regardless of social or economic status? This book sets out to show that archives need our active support and continuing engagement. This volume offers three distinct perspectives on the present status of archives that are at once in disagreement and solidarity with each other, from contributors whose backgrounds cut across the theory-practice divide. Is the increasing digital storage of knowledge pushing us toward a turning point in its democratization? Can archives fulfill their paradoxical potential as utopian sites in which the analog and the digital, the past and future, and remembrance and forgetting commingle? Is there a downside to the present-day impulse toward total preservation?

Archival materials. --- Digital libraries.